The first settlement on this site was founded by ancient Greek colonists in the VI century BC
. The defensive structure in the form of a fortress was erected by the Romans in the II century AD, during this period the city became a major trading center. Subsequently, the fortress belonged to the Byzantines, Genoese, Turks, and since 1810 to Russia.
Only fragments of the walls of the building have survived to our time, but despite this, the object is recognized as an archaeological monument.
During excavations on the territory of the fortress, layers of early and late antiquity were found, and many written sources of antiquity were discovered.